What can cause tinnitus as a result of overdose?

Tinnitus, which is characterized by a ringing or buzzing noise in the ears, can be caused by an overdose of certain medications, particularly salicylates like aspirin. Aspirin can lead to an increased level of salicylate in the blood, especially at high doses. This elevated level can affect the inner ear's function and lead to auditory disturbances, including tinnitus.

While other medications listed may have side effects, the association with tinnitus is most notable with aspirin due to its pharmacological properties and the mechanism by which it affects hearing. Ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and codeine do not have the same strong correlation with the onset of tinnitus in scenarios of overdose, making aspirin the most relevant answer to this question.